Central duct excision is a surgical procedure used to remove a section of the breast duct that may be affected by disease or abnormalities. This procedure is typically performed to investigate or treat conditions such as abnormal nipple discharge, benign breast tumors, or early signs of breast cancer. During the surgery, a small incision is made around the nipple to access and remove the central duct or ducts and surrounding tissue. The removed tissue is then examined microscopically to determine the presence of any abnormal cells or conditions. The primary reason for performing a central duct excision is to diagnose or manage conditions that cause abnormal discharge from the nipple, which can be a symptom of various breast issues including infections, papillomas (non-cancerous growths), or ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), a type of early-stage breast cancer. This procedure helps to provide clarity on the underlying cause of the discharge and guides appropriate treatment. Complications associated with central duct excision can include infection, bleeding, or poor wound healing. Patients may also experience temporary pain, swelling, or changes in nipple sensation. There is a risk of scarring, which could affect the appearance of the breast. In some cases, additional surgery may be needed if cancer or other significant abnormalities are found. Despite these risks, central duct excision is a valuable diagnostic and therapeutic tool for managing specific breast conditions, helping to ensure accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment.
