Breast reduction, also known as reduction mammaplasty, is a surgical procedure designed to reduce the size and volume of the breasts by removing excess breast tissue, fat, and skin. This procedure aims to alleviate physical discomfort and improve the overall proportion of the body. It is commonly performed to address issues such as chronic back, neck, and shoulder pain, skin irritation, and difficulties with physical activity due to overly large breasts. The surgery typically involves making incisions around the areola and sometimes extending down to the breast fold to excise the excess tissue and reshape the remaining breast tissue. The primary reasons for undergoing breast reduction are to relieve symptoms associated with macromastia (excessively large breasts), which can include persistent pain, poor posture, and skin infections or rashes under the breasts. Additionally, breast reduction can enhance aesthetic appearance and improve self-esteem by creating a more balanced body profile. It is often considered when conservative measures, such as physical therapy or supportive bras, are insufficient to address the discomfort and functional limitations. Complications from breast reduction surgery can include infection, bleeding, scarring, and changes in nipple or breast sensation. There is also a risk of asymmetry, where one breast may be slightly different in size or shape compared to the other. Some patients may experience delayed wound healing or complications related to anesthesia. Despite these potential risks, breast reduction is a widely performed and effective procedure that provides significant relief from physical symptoms and improves quality of life for many women.
