Apicoectomy is a specialized dental procedure aimed at addressing infection or damage at the tip of a tooth's root, which is not effectively treated through conventional root canal therapy. This surgical intervention is typically performed when an existing root canal treatment has failed or when there is persistent infection or inflammation at the root's apex, which is the tip of the root. The procedure is usually indicated for teeth that are causing symptoms such as pain, swelling, or recurrent infections despite previous treatments. During an apicoectomy, the dentist or endodontist makes a small incision in the gum tissue near the affected tooth to access the underlying bone and root. The infected or damaged tissue at the root's tip is removed, and the root canal is cleaned and sealed with a filling material. In some cases, a small filling called a retrofill is placed at the root's apex to ensure complete sealing. The gum tissue is then sutured back into place, and the area is allowed to heal. While apicoectomy is generally successful in resolving issues related to root canal failures, potential complications can arise. These may include postoperative pain, swelling, or infection at the surgical site. There is also a risk of damage to surrounding teeth or structures during the procedure. Some patients might experience difficulty in fully closing the incision or have delayed healing. Proper postoperative care, including following hygiene instructions and attending follow-up appointments, is essential for ensuring a successful outcome and promoting optimal healing.
