Tooth luxation refers to the displacement of a tooth from its normal position within the dental socket, often as a result of trauma or injury. This condition can range from mild displacement to complete dislodgement, depending on the severity of the trauma. Luxation is categorized into different types: concussion (bruising of the tooth without displacement), subluxation (partial loosening without displacement), lateral luxation (tooth pushed sideways or backward), extrusive luxation (tooth partially pulled out of the socket), and intrusive luxation (tooth pushed deeper into the socket). Common causes of tooth luxation include accidents, falls, sports injuries, or direct blows to the mouth, making children and athletes particularly susceptible. The force exerted on the tooth and surrounding structures can damage the periodontal ligament and alveolar bone, leading to mobility or displacement. Treatment for tooth luxation depends on the type and severity of the injury. Mild cases, such as concussion or subluxation, may require minimal intervention, focusing on monitoring and maintaining good oral hygiene to prevent infection. More severe cases, such as lateral, extrusive, or intrusive luxations, often necessitate repositioning of the tooth, stabilizing it with a splint, and monitoring for potential complications like pulp necrosis or root resorption. In cases of severe displacement or damage, root canal therapy may be needed to preserve the tooth. Immediate dental evaluation is crucial to assess the extent of the injury, provide appropriate treatment, and improve the chances of preserving the affected tooth.
