Tennis elbow, or lateral epicondylitis, is a condition characterized by pain and tenderness on the outside of the elbow. It results from inflammation or microtears in the tendons that attach the forearm muscles to the lateral epicondyle, a bony prominence on the outer part of the elbow. This condition is commonly associated with repetitive motions of the wrist and arm, such as those used in tennis and other racquet sports, hence its name. However, it can also occur in individuals who engage in activities requiring repetitive gripping or wrist extension, such as painters, carpenters, or office workers who frequently use a mouse. The repetitive strain causes small tears in the tendon, leading to inflammation, pain, and reduced grip strength.
Treatment for tennis elbow focuses on relieving pain and inflammation while promoting tendon healing. Resting the affected arm and avoiding activities that exacerbate the pain are essential first steps. Ice packs can help reduce inflammation and numb the pain, especially after activities that worsen the symptoms. Over-the-counter pain relievers, such as ibuprofen or naproxen, may also be used to manage discomfort. Physical therapy is often recommended, including exercises to strengthen the forearm muscles and improve flexibility, which can help reduce strain on the tendons. A forearm brace or strap can provide additional support and reduce stress on the injured tendon. In persistent cases, a doctor may suggest corticosteroid injections or, in rare instances, surgery to remove damaged tissue and promote healing. Preventive measures include using proper technique in activities, ensuring appropriate equipment, and regularly strengthening the forearm muscles.
